Soybean Cultivar 932311529229

ABSTRACT

A deposit of the Asgrow Seed Company soybean cultivar 932311522929 disclosed above and recited in the appended claims has been made with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Boulevard, Manassas, Va., 20110. The date of deposit was Oct. 27, 1997. The deposit of 2,500 seeds were taken from the same deposit maintained by Asgrow Seed Company since prior to the filing date of this application. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. The ATCC accession number is PTA-878. The deposit will be maintained in the depository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request, or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced as necessary during that period.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinctive soybean cultivar,designated 932311522929. There are numerous steps in the development ofany novel, desirable plant germplasm. Plant breeding begins with theanalysis and definition of problems and weaknesses of the currentgermplasm, the establishment of program goals, and the definition ofspecific breeding objectives. The next step is selection of germplasmthat possess the traits to meet the program goals. The goal is tocombine in a single variety an improved combination of desirable traitsfrom the parental germplasm. These important traits may include higherseed yield, resistance to diseases and insects, better stems and roots,tolerance to drought and heat, and better agronomic quality.

Choice of breeding or selection methods depends on the mode of plantreproduction, the heritability of the trait(s) being improved, and thetype of cultivar used commercially (e.g., F₁ hybrid cultivar, purelinecultivar, etc.). For highly heritable traits, a choice of superiorindividual plants evaluated at a single location will be effective,whereas for traits with low heritability, selection should be based onmean values obtained from replicated evaluations of families of relatedplants. Popular selection methods commonly include pedigree selection,modified pedigree selection, mass selection, and recurrent selection.

The complexity of inheritance influences choice of the breeding method.Backcross breeding is used to transfer one or a few favorable genes fora highly heritable trait into a desirable cultivar. This approach hasbeen used extensively for breeding disease-resistant cultivars. Variousrecurrent selection techniques are used to improve quantitativelyinherited traits controlled by numerous genes. The use of recurrentselection in self-pollinating crops depends on the ease of pollination,the frequency of successful hybrids from each pollination, and thenumber of hybrid offspring from each successful cross.

Each breeding program should include a periodic, objective evaluation ofthe efficiency of the breeding procedure. Evaluation criteria varydepending on the goal and objectives, but should include gain fromselection per year based on comparisons to an appropriate standard,overall value of the advanced breeding lines, and number of successfulcultivars produced per unit of input (e.g., per year, per dollarexpended, etc.).

Promising advanced breeding lines are thoroughly tested and compared toappropriate standards in environments representative of the commercialtarget area(s) for three or more years. The best lines are candidatesfor new commercial cultivars; those still deficient in a few traits maybe used as parents to produce new populations for further selection.

These processes, which lead to the final step of marketing anddistribution, usually take from eight to 12 years from the time thefirst cross is made. Therefore, development of new cultivars is atime-consuming process that requires precise forward planning, efficientuse of resources, and a minimum of changes in direction.

A most difficult task is the identification of individuals that aregenetically superior, because for most traits the true genotypic valueis masked by other confounding plant traits or environmental factors.One method of identifying a superior plant is to observe its performancerelative to other experimental plants and to a widely grown standardcultivar. If a single observation is inconclusive, replicatedobservations provide a better estimate of its genetic worth.

The goal of plant breeding is to develop new, unique and superiorsoybean cultivars and hybrids. The breeder initially selects and crossestwo or more parental lines, followed by repeated selfing and selection,producing many new genetic combinations. The breeder can theoreticallygenerate billions of different genetic combinations via crossing,selfing and mutations. The breeder has no direct control at the cellularlevel. Therefore, two breeders will never develop the same line, or evenvery similar lines, having the same soybean traits.

Each year, the plant breeder selects the germplasm to advance to thenext generation. This germplasm is grown under unique and differentgeographical, climatic and soil conditions, and further selections arethen made, during and at the end of the growing season. The cultivarswhich are developed are unpredictable. This unpredictability is becausethe breeder's selection occurs in unique environments, with no controlat the DNA level (using conventional breeding procedures), and withmillions of different possible genetic combinations being generated. Abreeder of ordinary skill in the art cannot predict the final resultinglines he develops, except possibly in a very gross and general fashion.The same breeder cannot produce the same cultivar twice by using theexact same original parents and the same selection techniques. Thisunpredictability results in the expenditure of large amounts of researchmonies to develop superior new soybean cultivars.

The development of new soybean cultivars requires the development andselection of soybean varieties, the crossing of these varieties andselection of superior hybrid crosses. The hybrid seed is produced bymanual crosses between selected male-fertile parents or by using malesterility systems. These hybrids are selected for certain single genetraits such as pod color, flower color, pubescence color or herbicideresistance which indicate that the seed is truly a hybrid. Additionaldata on parental lines, as well as the phenotype of the hybrid,influence the breeder's decision whether to continue with the specifichybrid cross.

Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods are used todevelop cultivars from breeding populations. Breeding programs combinedesirable traits from two or more cultivars or various broad-basedsources into breeding pools from which cultivars are developed byselfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new cultivars areevaluated to determine which have commercial potential.

Pedigree breeding is used commonly for the improvement ofself-pollinating crops. Two parents which possess favorable,complementary traits are crossed to produce an F₁. An F₂ population isproduced by selfing one or several F₁ 's. Selection of the bestindividuals may begin in the F₂ population; then, beginning in the F₃,the best individuals in the best families are selected. Replicatedtesting of families can begin in the F₄ generation to improve theeffectiveness of selection for traits with low heritability. At anadvanced stage of inbreeding (i.e., F₆ and F₇ ), the best lines ormixtures of phenotypically similar lines are tested for potentialrelease as new cultivars.

Mass and recurrent selections can be used to improve populations ofeither self- or cross-pollinating crops. A genetically variablepopulation of heterozygous individuals is either identified or createdby intercrossing several different parents. The best plants are selectedbased on individual superiority, outstanding progeny, or excellentcombining ability. The selected plants are intercrossed to produce a newpopulation in which further cycles of selection are continued.

Backcross breeding has been used to transfer genes for a simplyinherited, highly heritable trait into a desirable homozygous cultivaror inbred line which is the recurrent parent. The source of the trait tobe transferred is called the donor parent. The resulting plant isexpected to have the attributes of the recurrent parent (e.g., cultivar)and the desirable trait transferred from the donor parent. After theinitial cross, individuals possessing the phenotype of the donor parentare selected and repeatedly crossed (backcrossed) to the recurrentparent. The resulting plant is expected to have the attributes of therecurrent parent (e.g., cultivar) and the desirable trait transferredfrom the donor parent.

The single-seed descent procedure in the strict sense refers to plantinga segregating population, harvesting a sample of one seed per plant, andusing the one-seed sample to plant the next generation. When thepopulation has been advanced from the F₂ to the desired level ofinbreeding, the plants from which lines are derived will each trace todifferent F₂ individuals. The number of plants in a population declineseach generation due to failure of some seeds to germinate or some plantsto produce at least one seed. As a result, not all of the F₂ plantsoriginally sampled in the population will be represented by a progenywhen generation advance is completed.

In a multiple-seed procedure, soybean breeders commonly harvest one ormore pods from each plant in a population and thresh them together toform a bulk. Part of the bulk is used to plant the next generation andpart is put in reserve. The procedure has been referred to as modifiedsingle-seed descent or the pod-bulk technique.

The multiple-seed procedure has been used to save labor at harvest. Itis considerably faster to thresh pods with a machine than to remove oneseed from each by hand for the single-seed procedure. The multiple-seedprocedure also makes it possible to plant the same number of seeds of apopulation each generation of inbreeding. Enough seeds are harvested tomake up for those plants that did not germinate or produce seed.

Descriptions of other breeding methods that are commonly used fordifferent traits and crops can be found in one of several referencebooks (e.g., Allard, 1960; Simmonds, 1979; Sneep et al., 1979; Fehr,1987).

Proper testing should detect any major faults and establish the level ofsuperiority or improvement over current cultivars. In addition toshowing superior performance, there must be a demand for a new cultivarthat is compatible with industry standards or which creates a newmarket. The introduction of a new cultivar will incur additional coststo the seed producer, the grower, processor and consumer; for specialadvertising and marketing, altered seed and commercial productionpractices, and new product utilization. The testing preceding release ofa new cultivar should take into consideration research and developmentcosts as well as technical superiority of the final cultivar. Forseed-propagated cultivars, it must be feasible to produce seed easilyand economically.

Soybean, Glycine max (L), is an important and valuable field crop. Thus,a continuing goal of plant breeders is to develop stable, high yieldingsoybean cultivars that are agronomically sound. The reasons for thisgoal are obviously to maximize the amount of grain produced on the landused and to supply food for both animals and humans. To accomplish thisgoal, the soybean breeder must select and develop soybean plants thathave the traits that result in superior cultivars.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean cultivar,designated 932311522929. This invention thus relates to the seeds ofsoybean cultivar 932311522929, to the plants of soybean 932311522929 andto methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing thesoybean 932311522929 with itself or another soybean line.

DEFINITIONS

In the description and tables which follow, a number of terms are used.In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms,the following definitions are provided:

Maturity Date

Plants are considered mature when 95% of the pods have reached theirmature color. The number of days are either calculated from September 1or from the planting date.

Seed Yield (Bushels/Acre)

The yield in bushels/acre is the actual yield of the grain at harvest.

Lodging Resistance

Lodging is rated on a scale of 1 to 5. A score of 1 indicates erectplants. A score of 2.5 indicates plants are leaning at a 45° angle inrelation to the ground and a score of 5 indicates plants are laying onthe ground.

Phytophthora Tolerance

Tolerance to Phytophthora root rot is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with ascore of 1 being the best or highest tolerance ranging down to a scoreof 5 which indicates the plants have no tolerance to Phytophthora.

Emergence

This score indicates the ability of the seed to emerge when planted 3"deep in sand and with a controlled temperature of 25° C. The number ofplants that emerge each day are counted. Based on this data, eachgenotype is given a 1 to 5 score based on its rate of emergence andpercent of emergence. A score of 1 indicates an excellent rate andpercent of emergence, an intermediate score of 2.5 indicates averageratings and a 5 score indicates a very poor rate and percent ofemergence.

Iron-Deficiency Chlorosis

Plants are scored 1 to 5 based on visual observations. A score of 1means no stunting of the plants or yellowing of the leaves and a scoreof 5 indicates the plants are dead or dying caused by iron-deficiencychlorosis, a score of 2.5 means plants have intermediate health withsome leaf yellowing.

Brown Stem Rot

This is a visual disease score from 1 to 5 comparing all genotypes in agiven test. The score is based on leaf symptoms of yellowing andnecrosis caused by brown stem rot. A score of 1 indicates no symptoms.Visual scores range to a score of 5 which indicates severe symptoms ofleaf yellowing and necrosis.

Shattering

The amount of pod dehiscence prior to harvest. Pod dehiscence involvesseeds falling from the pods to the soil. This is a visual score from 1to 5 comparing all genotypes within a given test. A score of 1 meanspods have not opened and no seeds have fallen out. A score of 2.5indicates approximately 50% of the pods have opened, with seeds fallingto the ground and a score of 5 indicates 100% of the pods are opened.

Plant Height

Plant height is taken from the top of soil to top node of the plant andis measured in inches.

Seed Protein Peroxidase Activity

Seed protein peroxidase activity is defined as a chemical taxonomictechnique to separate cultivars based on the presence or absence of theperoxidase enzyme in the seed coat. There are two types of soybeancultivars, those having high peroxidase activity (dark red color) andthose having low peroxidase activity (no color).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Soybean cultivar 932311522929 has superior characteristics and wasdeveloped from the cross A2833×(A2722//A2396/A3237/3/×40-3-2). F₁ and F₂plants were advanced by a modified pedigree selection. F₃ derived F₄lines were selected in 1994 and 1995. In 1995 F₃ derived F₅ plants wereentered in a yield test at 4 locations in the upper Midwest where itplaced third of 45 entries. In 1996 F₃ derived F₆ plants were entered ina yield test at 12 locations in the upper Midwest where it placed tenthof 48 entries.

932311522929 is a late maturity group II variety with very high yieldpotential and resistance to Roundup™ herbicides conferring tolerance toglyphosate herbicides. 932311522929 has superior yields compared tolines of similar maturity and has excellent agronomic characteristicsand has a major gene for Phytophthora resistance, Rps1k, conferringresistance to most races of Phytophthora Root Rot. 932311522929 is welladapted to the late maturity Group II growing areas of the corn belt,including: Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin and Nebraska.

Some of the criteria used to select in various generations include: seedyield, lodging resistance, emergence, disease tolerance, maturity, lateseason plant intactness, plant height and shattering resistance.

The cultivar has shown uniformity and stability for the traits, asdescribed in the following variety description information. It has beenself-pollinated a sufficient number of generations with carefulattention to uniformity of plant type. The line has been increased withcontinued observation for uniformity.

Soybean cultivar 932311522929 has the following morphologic and othercharacteristics (based primarily on data collected at Oxford, Ind.).

Variety Description Information

1. Seed Shape: Spherical Flattened (L/W ratio>1.2; L/T ratio=<1.2)

2. Hilum Color: (Mature Seed)-Buff

3. Pod color: Tan

4. Seed Coat Luster: Dull

5. Flower Color: Purple

6. Leaflet Shape: Ovate

7. Plant Pubescence Color: Gray

8. Plant Habit: Indeterminate

9. Maturity Group: II

10. Disease Resistance

    ______________________________________                                        Phytophthora Rot (Phytophthora megasperma var. sojae):                        ______________________________________                                               Race 1                                                                              Resistant                                                          Race 2 Resistant                                                              Race 3 Resistant                                                              Race 4 Resistant                                                              Race 5 Resistant                                                              Race 6 Resistant                                                              Race 7 Resistant                                                              Race 8 Resistant                                                              Race 9 Resistant                                                              Race 10 Resistant                                                             Race 11 Resistant                                                             Race 13 Resistant                                                             Race 14 Resistant                                                             Race 15 Resistant                                                             Race 17 Resistant                                                             Race 18 Resistant                                                             Race 22 Resistant                                                             Race 24 Resistant                                                           ______________________________________                                    

11. Physiological Responses: Roundup Ready™ Herbicide: Resistant

12. Plant Lodging Score: 1.9

This invention is also directed to methods for producing a soybean plantby crossing a first parent soybean plant with a second parent soybeanplant, wherein the first or second soybean plant is the soybean plantfrom the line 932311522929. Further, both first and second parentsoybean plants may be from the cultivar 932311522929. Therefore, anymethods using the cultivar 932311522929 are part of this invention:selfing, backcrosses, hybrid breeding, and crosses to populations. Anyplants produced using cultivar 932311522929 as a parent are within thescope of this invention. As used herein, the term "plant" includes plantcells, plant protoplasts, plant cells of tissue culture from whichsoybean plants can be regenerated, plant calli, plant clumps, and plantcells that are intact in plants or parts of plants, such as pollen,flowers, seeds, pods, leaves, stems, and the like. Thus, another aspectof this invention is to provide for cells which upon growth anddifferentiation produce the cultivar 932311522929.

The cultivar 932311522929 is similar to A3237. While similar to A3237,there are numerous differences including: 932311522929 has the gene forresistance to the Roundup™ herbicides and A3237 does not contain thisgene.

Tables

In Tables 1, 2 and 3 that follow, the traits and characteristics ofsoybean cultivar 932311522929 are compared to several competingvarieties of commercial soybeans of similar maturity. In the tables,column 1 shows the yield in bushels/acre for the instant invention andthe Competitor Variety. Column 2 indicates the days to maturity afterSeptember 1 for the instant invention and the Competitor Variety. Column3 shows the plant height in inches for the instant invention and theCompetitor Variety. Column 4 indicates the plant lodging for the instantinvention and the Competitor Variety. Column 5 shows the generalappearance rating scores for the instant invention and the CompetitorVariety. Lodging and General Appearance Rating scores are rated 1=Bestand 5=Worst.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        1995 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 48.18   30.00   34.70 1.40  2.40                                   Number of Locations 4 3 2 3 3                                                 932311522929 53.83 29.00 37.50 1.70 2.30                                      Asgrow A2704 52.49 27.00 34.00 1.30 2.70                                      Asgrow A2242 48.29 26.00 30.50 1.50 2.70                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 2                                                         ______________________________________                                        1996 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 56.34   28.10   33.80 1.80  2.50                                   Number of Locations 12 12 11 8 12                                             932311522929 58.66 27.70 37.00 1.90 2.70                                      Asgrow A3244 63.04 30.90 33.90 1.50 1.30                                      Asgrow A3134 61.65 32.10 33.10 1.90 2.30                                      Asgrow A2833 59.13 27.10 30.00 1.20 2.20                                      Asgrow A2722 57.29 26.50 32.30 1.80 2.30                                      Asgrow AG2901 55.92 30.50 36.50 2.00 2.80                                     Asgrow A2242 54.21 21.30 28.90 1.70 2.70                                      Asgrow A2506 52.76 21.80 29.90 1.50 2.60                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 3                                                         ______________________________________                                        1997 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 59.12   24.90   33.90 1.60  2.40                                   Number of Locations 22 21 21 17 20                                            932311522929 58.89 24.50 36.60 1.80 2.40                                      Stine 2870 65.97 26.00 32.00 1.80 2.40                                        Pg15733-79 65.47 24.70 31.60 1.40 2.30                                        Pg157724-32 64.92 28.10 35.40 1.90 2.40                                       Hi-Soy HS2861 64.23 25.00 30.70 1.10 2.20                                     Asgrow A2833 62.79 24.10 31.00 1.00 2.20                                      Asgrow A2869 62.60 26.80 37.40 2.60 3.00                                      Asgrow A2704 60.68 22.9* 33.60 1.60 2.40                                      Asgrow AG3002 60.54 27.80 33.90 2.10 2.50                                     Asgrow A2553 60.41 22.10 30.30 1.50 2.30                                      BX49609N 60.30 23.70 33.70 1.20 2.00                                          Pioneer 9281 59.73 23.10 31.00 1.30 2.20                                      Asgrow A2704LL 59.64 26.40 33.60 1.50 2.40                                    BX40762N 59.64 24.20 34.40 1.30 2.10                                          Hi-Soy HT261STS 58.74 22.70 34.00 1.30 2.50                                   FFR 297 58.51 25.40 35.80 2.40 2.90                                           Dekalb CX278 58.31 24.10 36.10 2.00 2.80                                      Hi-Soy HS2951 58.13 24.80 34.20 1.90 2.60                                     Pioneer 9294 57.98 24.40 35.80 2.30 2.80                                      Asgrow AG2701 57.55 23.20 32.50 1.40 2.10                                     Asgrow AG2702 57.43 24.50 36.50 1.50 2.50                                     Asgrow AG2901 56.70 25.90 37.20 1.80 2.50                                     Asgrow AG3001 56.59 26.70 37.20 2.10 2.70                                     Stine 2174 53.89 22.90 33.50 1.40 2.60                                        FFR 24322 52.38 29.90 35.10 1.90 3.00                                       ______________________________________                                    

Deposit Information

A deposit of the soybean seed of this invention is maintained by AsgrowSeed Company, 4140 114th Street, Urbandale, Iowa 50322. Access to thisdeposit will be available during the pendency of this application topersons determined by the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks to beentitled thereto under 37 CFR 1.14 and 35 USC 122. Upon allowance of anyclaims in this application, all restrictions on the availability to thepublic of the variety will be irrevocably removed by affording access toa deposit of at least 2,500 seeds of the same variety with the AmericanType Culture Collection, Manassas, Va.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A soybean seed designated 932311522929 and havingATCC Accession No. PTA-878.
 2. A plant or its parts produced by growingthe seed of claim
 1. 3. Pollen of the plant of claim
 2. 4. An ovule ofthe plant of claim
 2. 5. A soybean plant having all of the physiologicaland morphological characteristics of the soybean plant of claim
 2. 6.Tissue culture of the seed of claim
 1. 7. A soybean plant regeneratedfrom the tissue culture of claim 6 wherein the regenerated soybean planthas all of the physiological morphological characteristics of a plantgrown from a soybean seed designated
 932311522929. 8. Tissue culture ofthe plant of claim
 2. 9. A soybean plant regenerated from the tissueculture of claim 8 wherein the regenerated soybean plant has all of thephysiological and morphological characteristics of a plant grown from asoybean seed designated
 932311522929. 10. A method for producing ahybrid soybean seed comprising crossing a first parent soybean plantwith a second parent soybean plant and harvesting the resultant hybridsoybean seed, wherein said first or second parent soybean plant is thesoybean plant of claim
 2. 11. A hybrid seed produced by the method ofclaim
 10. 12. A hybrid plant or its parts produced by growing saidhybrid soybean seed of claim
 11. 13. Seed produced from said hybridplant of claim 12.